Driving-gear for bicycles.



" No. mm. Patented Aug. 1, I899. A. DOYLE.

DRIVING GEAR FOR BIGYCLES.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1698.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

'(llo Modai.)

IN VEN' 0i? ATTORNEYS.

No. 630,l98. Patntad Aug. 1-, I899, A. uovua.

DRIVING GEAR FOB BICYGLES.

(Application filed Aug. 8, 1898.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

llIlllIlIIIlIIII-I-I-l-IIIII llll No. 630,193. Patented Aug. |a99.

- A. nevus.

DRIVING GEAR FOB BICYCLES.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1898.) (U0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A TTOHNE Y8.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E}.

ARTHUR- DOYLE, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

DRIVING-GEAR FOR BICYCLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 630,198, dated August1, 1899. Application filed August 3, 1898. $e1ial No. 687,618. (Nomodel.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR DOYLE, of Seattie, in the county of King andState of Washington, have invented a new and Improved Driving- Gear forBicycles and other Machines, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved drivingearfor bicycles and other machines which is simple and durable inconstruction and arranged to require but a short up-and-down movement onthe part of the riders feet to develop a large amount of power and torun the machine at a high rate of speed and at the same time enable therider or operator to augment at will the driving force by hand-power.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations ofthe same, as will be fully describedhereinafter and then pointed out inthe claims.

' Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of referenceindicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement as applied to a bicyclefor men. Fig. 1 is a like view of the hand-lever and the steeringdevice. Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view of the foot-gear with parts in adifferent position. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 4 is atransverse section of the same on the line at 4 in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is asimilar view of the same on the line 5 5 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 6 is a sideelevation of the improvement as applied to a bicycle for women.

The bicycle shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive,

is provided with the usual front wheelA, the 7 rear or drive wheel 13,and the frame 0, on each side of which is fulcrumed at D a toggle memberD of a primary toggle, said member D being pivotally connected with amember D On the pivot between the two members is arranged a pedal E,adapted to be engaged by the foot of the rider. The outer end of thetoggle member D is hung on a link F, fulcrumed on the frame 0, and onsaid end of the member D is formed an angular arm D pivotally connectedwith a link G, having a pivotal connection with a link G, fulcrumed on alink H, hung on the member D of the primary toggle. The pivotal end ofthe link G is formed with an angular arm G connected with the member Iofa secondary toggle operating in conjunction with the primary togglepreviously mentioned, said member I having pivotal connection with themember I, and between the pivotal connections of the members I I and thelinks G G is arranged a link J, so that the secondary toggle opens andcloses, as hereinafter more fully described.

The member I of the secondary toggle has its free end hung on a link K,fulcrumed on the frame 0, and said free end of the member I is formedwith an angular arm 1 pivotally connected by a pitman L witha wristpin Nof a gear-wheel N, secured on a shaft N journaled in suitable hearingsin the frame 0. The gear-wheel N is in mesh with a pinion N secured tothe hub of the rear or drive wheel B, so that the rotary motion given tothe geanwheel N is transmitted by the pinion N to the rear or drivewheel B.

The wrist-pins N of the two gear-wheelsN on the opposite sides of theframe stand diametrically opposite each other, so that the pedal E onone side of the frame is in an uppermost position, while the pedal onthe other side is in a lowermost position, orvice versathat is, when onepedal moves upward the other moves downward.

Then the several parts are in the position illustrated in Fig. 1 and theoperator-presses with his feet on the pedal E, then the primary toggle,consisting of the members D and D opens up and the members D and D movein valinement with each other at the time the pedal E is in itslowermost position, as indicated in Fig. 2. During this opening up ofthe toggle members D and D the member D by swinging rearward on the linkF and turning thereon causes the arm D to impart a closing movement tothe links G G, which had been in alinement with each other, so thatthesaid links now move into an angular position relatively to each other,and in doing so the link G by its arm G imparts a forward movement tothe member I of the secondary toggle and a similar movement to themember I, so that the latter swings forward on the link K, and by thearm 1 causes the pitman L to impart a rotary motion to the gearwheel N.The secondary toggle, consisting 'of the members I I, moves into an openposition with the primary toggle owing to the connection of the links GG with the said members I I by the link J, and consequently the primarytoggle by means ofthe said links not only transmits the motion given tothe pedal E, but increases the stroke of the sec-- ondary toggle andconsequently that of the pitman L. By this arrangement I am enabled toincrease the length of the stroke and crankarm three or four fold and atthe same time reduce the pitch or angle formed by the toggles in thesame or in a greater ratio, both of which give the maximum of power witha minimum of pedal action or foot lift.

It is understood that the power and efficiency of a toggle dependsentirely .on the pitcher angle which it forms to the horizon- "tal-.-that is, the toggle is very powerful when the, angle is small andincreases as the toggle descends and becomes as it approaches thehorizontal almostinfinite. 1 On the other hand. the power decreasesrapidly as the angle is increased until an angle of about forty-fivedegrees is reached, after which the power exerted downwardly orvertically is greater than the longitudinal or horizontal powertransmission.

By the construction shown the length of the stroke is. relativelylarger, while the angle formed by the toggle is comparatively smaller,thus giving the maximum of power bya minimum of foot lift.

The motion lost in the descending of the primary toggle D whenapproaching the horizontal is taken up and restored by the links G Gacting on the secondary togg e, consisting of the members I and I, itbeing underare for the special and specific purpose of increasing thelength of stroke and crank-arm and. for' reducing the pitch or angleformed by the toggles, both of which features are essential to the,production of the greatest amount of power and speed and-also for theadditional purpose of equalizing the motion of the pitman and forreducing the pedal action or foot lift. Both the primary and secondarytoggles, also the, links, always-flex in the, same direction and at thesame time up or down, as the case may be.

The shaft N is preferably provided with a crank-arm N pivotallyconnected by a link 0, with an arm P, secured on a shaft P, journaled onthe frame 0,. On this shaft P is fastened a tube Q, in which is adjustably held a hand-lever Q under the control of the operaton'so thatwhen the latter'moves the h nd-lever forward or backward then a rock-The womans bicycle shown in Fig. 6 is similar in construction to the oneabove referred to with the exception that the frame 0 is changed in formand the member I of the secondary toggle I is without the arm I and isdirectly connected to the link K, having its free end connected with thepitman L for a crank-wheel N in the form of a sprocketwheel, connectedby a sprocket-chain N with a sprocket-wheel N on the hub of the rearordrive wheel B. The operation and action is precisely the same as theone above described, it being understood that the slight change in theconnection between the motor I and the pitman L by way of the link Kdoes not change the motion of the various parts. The hand-power isomitted in the figure referred to.

The link J may be attached at its upper end to the primary toggleinstead of the secondary toggle, as shown.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. Adriving-gear,comprisinga primary toggle oneend of which has a fixed fulcrum and the other end is mounted on aswinging support, a pedal for the primary toggle, a secondary orauxiliary toggle having one end connected with the driving mechanism,the said end being mounted on a swinging support, and a connectionbetween the other end of the secondary toggle and the. end of theprimary toggle having the swinging support,

substantially as described.

2. A driving-gear comprising a primary toggle having one endpivot-fixed, a secondary or auxiliary toggle connected atone end withthe driving mechanism, and links for connecting the free end of theprimary toggle with said secondary toggle at a point remote from theconnection with the driving mechanism, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. A driving-gear comprising a primary toggle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, and of which the outer end of onemember has a fixed pivot, a secondary toggle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, the free end of one member beingconnected. with the driving mechanism, and links intermediate the freeend of the primary toggle and the secondary toggle, substantially asshown and described.

4:. A driving-gear comprisinga primary tog.- gle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, and of which the outer end of onemember has a fixed pivot, a secondary toggle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, the free end of one member beingconnected with the driving mechanism, links intermediate the free end ofthe primary toggle and the secondary tog gle, and supporting-links forthe free ends of the primary and secondary toggles, saidsupporting-links having fixed fulcru ms, substantially as shown anddescribed.

5. Adriving-gearcomprisingaprimarytoggle having two members pivotallyconnected with each other, the outer end of one member being fulcrumedon a fixed pivot-,the other end of the other member being formed with anangular arm, a link for supporting the outer end of the member havingthe angular arm, a pair of connected links having pivotal connectionwith said angular arm, one of the links having an angular arm, and asecondary toggle having two members pivotally connected with each other,one member being pivotally connected with the angular arm of the saidlink and the other member being connected with the driving mechanism,substantially as shown and described.

6. A driving-gear comprising a primary toggle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, the outer end of one member beingfulcrumed on a fixed pivot, the other end of the other member beingformed with an angular arm, a link for supporting the outer end of themember having the angular arm, a pair of connected links having pivotalconnection with said angular arm, one of the links having an angulararm, a secondary toggle having two members one member being pivotallyconnected with the angular arm of the said link, and the other memberbeing connected with the driving mechanism, and a connecting-linkbetween the pivoted connection and the members of the secondary toggleand the pivotal connection of said pair of links,substantially as shownand described.

7. A driving-gear for bicycles and the like, comprising a primary togglehaving two pivotally-connected members, the outer end of one memberhaving a fixed fulcrum, and the outer end of the other member beingformed with a downwardly-extending angular arm, a link fulcrumed at oneend on the frame of the machine and pivotally connected with the end ofthe primary toggle having the angular arm, a pair of linkspivotallyconnected with each other, the outer end of one member of thepair being connected with the downwardlyextending angular arm of theprimary toggle, and the outer end of the other member of the pair havingan upwardly-extending angular arm, a secondary toggle having two memberspivotally connected with each other, the outer end of one member beingpivotally connected with the upwardly-extending angular arm of the saidlink, the outer end of the other member of the secondary toggle beingconnected by a link with the frame of the machine, the said end beingalso connected with the driving mechanism, a link connecting the outerend of the link having the angular arm,wit11 the member of the primarytoggle having the fixed fulcrum, at a point near said fulcrum, and alink extending from the junction of said connected pair of links to oneof the toggles, substantially as set forth.

8. In a bicycle or the like machine, the combination with the frame ofthe machine, of the primary toggles located on opposite sides of themachine, and each having a fixed fulcrum at one end, pedals connectedwith the primary toggles, the secondary or auxiliary toggles alsolocated on opposite sides of the machine, pitmen connected with thesecondary toggles at one end thereof, crankwheels journaled on each sideof the machine, and driven from the said pitmen, the said crank-wheelshaving a driving connection with the drive-wheel of the machine, andlinks connecting the free ends of the primary toggles with therespective secondary toggles, substantially as shown and described.

ARTHUR DOYLE.

\Vitnesses:

W. PARRY SMITH, C. R. MCKENZIE.

